塔山矿新型27 mm高强玻璃钢锚杆技术应用

由于塔山矿回采巷道均为放顶煤开采，矿压显现明显，巷道断面大，在回采过程中尾顺槽围岩变形量大，致使使用传统普通玻璃钢锚杆支护时出现杆体被拉断、杆体尾部被剪断等支护失效现象。为了解决上述问题，采用新型27 mm高强玻璃钢锚杆对塔山矿8112工作面进行试验。试验结果表明，在保证采掘安全的前提下，使用新型锚杆取代普通锚杆，可以大大提高巷道支护的稳定性，节约巷道支护成本，保证施工工期正常完成，同时提高工作面回采效率。采用新型锚杆后，使巷道支护兼具安全、经济双重效益，同时对全矿井以及其他所有同类型矿井类似回采巷道，具有积极的推广和借鉴意义。     

近距离煤层回采巷道支护技术研究

153301工作面受上部3煤和9煤采空区及煤柱影响,巷道围岩变形量大。采用FLAC3D软件分别模拟不同锚杆间距和数量下的巷道围岩变形量,得到锚杆最优支护参数。针对153301工作面巷道采用锚网索和二次注浆加固支护技术,分别设计了不同的支护参数,并对支护后围岩变形量进行监测,监测结果表明围岩变形量和变形速率都有了明显的减小,支护取得了良好的效果。     

A comparative thermodynamic analysis of Kalina and organic Rankine cycles for hot dry rock: a prospect study in the Gonghe Basin

Hot dry rock is a new type of geothermal resource which has a promising application prospect in China. This paper conducted a comparative research on performance evaluation of two eligible bottoming cycles for a hot dry rock power plant in the Gonghe Basin. Based on the given heat production conditions, a Kalina cycle and three organic Rankine cycles were tested respectively with different ammonia-water mixtures of seven ammonia mass fractions and nine eco-friendly working fluids. The results show that the optimal ammonia mass fraction is 82% for the proposed bottoming Kalina cycle in view of maximum net power output. Thermodynamic analysis suggests that wet fluids should be supercritical while dry fluids should be saturated at the inlet of turbine, respectively. The maximum net power output of the organic Rankine cycle with dry fluids expanding from saturated state is higher than that of the other organic Rankine cycle combinations, and is far higher than the maximum net power output in all tested Kalina cycle cases. Under the given heat production conditions of hot dry rock resource in the Gonghe Basin, the saturated organic Rankine cycle with the dry fluid butane as working fluid generates the largest amount of net power.     

汽爆秸秆对磷矿粉溶解作用及其溶解残渣对小麦生长的影响

为探究生物质对磷矿粉的溶解作用，以玉米秸秆为原料，利用蒸汽爆破（汽爆）技术释放有机酸，在高温水热条件下溶解磷矿粉并制备含磷腐殖酸。通过实验对汽爆秸秆溶解磷矿粉工艺进行了探究及优化，并利用傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线荧光光谱（XRF）进行分析和表征。研究结果表明：15 g汽爆秸秆与1 g磷矿粉以及75 mL水在170℃、加入10% CaCl₂的条件下，反应3 h的溶磷量为1.46 mg/g（以秸秆质量计，下同）。加入与磷矿粉相同质量的NaHSO₄后可使体系pH值降低至2，pH值的降低是磷溶出的关键因素，溶磷量提高为13.10 mg/g。溶磷后的秸秆制备腐殖酸作为小麦盆栽肥料，用量0.2%时，小麦株高、根长、叶绿素含量和相对电导率均显著高于空白组。     

炮掘岩巷大块矸石成因分析及防治措施

为了解决辛置煤矿东四延伸皮带巷掘进过程中由于大矸产生率过高造成巷道掘进效率低下的问题,在对大矸产生原因进行分析的基础上,提出采用锲直复合掏槽爆破方式代替原有的直眼掏槽爆破,并从巷道掘进效率、大矸产生率等方面进行详细对比分析。掘进采用锲直复合掏槽爆破方式后,大矸产生率从30%以上降低到20%以内,且最大矸石粒径从1000 mm×800 mm降低到500 mm×400 mm,巷道掘进进尺从1.5 m/d提升至3 m/d,应用效果显著。     

浅析高速公路高边坡病害原因及治理对策

对高速路建设中高边坡病害的成因展开分析,并对高边坡病害的治理提出对策,希望对高边坡病害治理有一定的促进作用。     

覆岩结构类型与开采覆岩损害特征分析

煤层开采打破了上覆岩层原有的平衡,必然引起岩层的移动、破断,导致应力场和裂隙场的改变,工作面出现矿压显现。上覆岩层的岩性和组合结构对工作面开采覆岩损害特征分布影响显著,一般岩性越坚硬,上覆岩层应力集中程度越高,采动裂隙越发育,矿压显现也越明显;坚硬岩层尤其是关键层对覆岩的破断运动起控制作用,覆岩破断发展到一定层位后软弱岩层往往是抑制覆岩破断进一步向上发展的关键。当工作面上覆岩层同时存在远近场关键层时,近场关键层的周期性破断引起裂隙带范围内岩层的运动和工作面周期来压;而远场关键层的周期性破断导致地表裂缝或台阶下沉,工作面压力急剧上升,有时甚至导致煤矿动压灾害,尤其是远近场关键层同步破断时动力现象更明显。通过地面钻孔使远场关键层提前破断是防止此类动力灾害的关键。     

复杂松软岩层大断面马头门巷道破坏机理及组合支护技术研究

针对辛置矿马头门巷道断面较大，围岩应力分布复杂，易发生变形破坏的特点，根据现场实际情况，通过理论研究和数值模拟等方法分析了马头门发生破坏失稳的主要原因和锚杆索临时支护作用机理，提出采用主、被动组合支护方式对巷道全断面围岩进行加固和支护，使巷道顶板、两帮和底板加固的围岩形成整体加固拱，提高马头门围岩的承载能力。     

安徽省铜陵市铁山头铜矿床地质特征及找矿潜力

铁山头铜矿床处于铜陵矿集区的中东部，属于扬子陆块下扬子凹陷中的铜陵隆起。矿床位于凤凰山矿田北侧，成矿潜力较大。综合研究分析认为：①接触交代作用使得岩体接触带及附近变质形成矽卡岩矿化带；②区内凤凰山岩体（花岗闪长岩）系成矿母岩；③矿体主要赋存于花岗闪长岩与三叠系下统南陵湖组石灰岩接触带上；④矿床成因类型为高—中温热液交代矽卡岩型矿床。     

An approach to measure infill matric suction of irregular infilled rock joints under constant normal stiffness shearing

Rock joints infilled with sediments can strongly influence the strength of rock mass. As infilled joints often exist under unsaturated condition, this study investigated the influence of matric suction of infill on the overall joint shear strength. A novel technique that allows direct measurement of matric suction of infill using high capacity tensiometers (HCTs) during direct shear of infilled joints under constant normal stiffness (CNS) is described. The CNS apparatus was modified to accommodate the HCT and the procedure is explained in detail. Joint specimens were simulated by gypsum plaster using three-dimensional (3D) printed surface moulds, and filled with kaolin and sand mixture prepared at different water contents. Shear behaviours of both planar infilled joints and rough joints having joint roughness coefficients (JRCs) of 8–10 and 18–20 with the ratios of infill thickness to asperity height (t/a) equal to 0.5 were investigated. Matric suction shows predominantly unimodal behaviour during shearing of both planar and rough joints, which is closely associated with the variation of unloading rate and volumetric changes of the infill material. As expected, two-peak behaviour was observed for the rough joints and both peaks increased with the increase of infill matric suction. The results suggest that the contribution of matric suction of infill on the joint peak normalised shear stress is relatively independent of the joint roughness.